Introduction:
Geographical Area : 6511 Sq.Km.
Population : 14.91 Lacks
District Headquarter : Parbhani.
Location : 18o44? and 19o49? North latitude 76o12? and 77o13? East longitude.
Geography
The main rivers are Godavari, Purna and Dudhana and its tributaries. The District is surrounded by Hingoli, Jalna, Beed, Latur, and Nanded Districts. The district parbhani forms a part of Deccan plateau. The elevation is ranges from 375 mtrs to 475 mtrs above the sea level.
Godavari is the main river in the district, flows along the Pathari, Manwat, Sonpeth, Parbhani, Gangakhed, Palam & Purna Talukas. The total length of the river in the district is 79 km.
The extension of Ajantha ranges occurs along the northern border of the district in Jintur Taluka. Also the extension of Balaghat ranges occurs along the western border of the district in Gangakhed and Palam Taluka.
Geology :
The area is underlain by basaltic lava flows of Upper Cretaceous to Lower Eocene age. Alluvium of Recent origin is found on the banks of major rivers only in patches.
The basalts consist of nearly horizontal flows occurring one over the other. Each of the flows consists of two trap units, i.e. i) Massive unit and ii) Vesicular unit, the former occupying the lower portion. The intense weathering of the trap units results in the formation of black cotton soils of variable thickness. The top of the individual flows is occasionally marked by reddish brown clayey material, termed as ?redbole? which at places is represented by grayish clayey materials. The thickness of the redbole varies from few centimeters to about 1.20 m. in the area.
Alluvium is found locally on the banks of the Dudhana, the Purna and the Godavari rivers.
Hydrogeology:
The Godavari, Purna and the Dudhana Rivers are the main sources of surface runoff in the area. Two major dams have been constructed across the Purna River at Yeldari and Sidheshwar respectively. These dams lie in north of the district. These two dams cater to the need of the surface water irrigation in major parts of Parbhani district. The area represents a near flat plateau, although dissected by nature.
The average water level during the post monsoon season is 2.66 m. to 8.22 m. during last year and pre monsoon water level is varies 5.45m. to 9.49m.
SHIVKALIN PANI SATHAWAN YOJANA
Historical Data :
Traditionally Parbhani is land of Saint & Sufi?s. Parbhani town was also known as Prabhavati on account of the existence of beautiful temple of Goddess Prabhavati & therefore it is quite like that the present name Parbhnai is a modified form of Prabhavati.In historical times the area of Parbhani was a part of the Empire Ashoka than Mourya in 184 B.C. The Satwahan helds area over 450 years. After Satwahan area takes over by the Wakataka?s. The district Parbhani free from Nizam of Hydrabad on dated 13 Sept. 1948.
Cultural Data :
There are lots of pilgrimage places in Parbhani, which are as follows,
Pathari : Pathari is a birth place of Saint Shri Sai Baba.
Gangakhed : Gangakhed is a birth place of saint Janabai. At 18 km. away from the town. There is a ancient temple of Renuka Devi at Ranisawargaon.
Parbhani : At Parbhani there is a famous Dargah of Saint Syed Shah Turabul Haq. The peoples from all sections visited the Dargah.
Jintur : Near the Jintur Town at the hill of Nemgiri the auspicious place of Digambar Jain is located.
Hot Spot :
Flood : In 2005 and 2006 due to heavy rainfall, the rivers in the district reach their high flood level. Owing to which there is a loss of agriculture production. At certain places there is a loss of live stock.
No loss of human life occurs.