District – Wardha
Introduction
Major boundary of the district is occupied by the Wardha river. Due to this reason Britisher?s have give name ?Wardha? to this district.
Wardha district is located in 200 8’ to 210 22’ N 780 4’ to 790 15’ E. It is comprises in the 55 K,L,P degree sheet.
Wardha district is situated at Western side of Vainganga vallies in South-East Part of Maharashatra. District is covered with Satpuda Hills at the north where as Western side is occupied by the vallies of river Purna. The plain Plateau of the Nagpur district is at Eastern side where as the river Wardha flows from the boundaries of the North, West and South.
Total area of the Wardha district is 6309 sq. km. with 158 kms in length and 58 kms in breadth. Average rainfall of district is 985-1100 mm. Head quarter of Wardha district is Wardha. For the easy administrative purpose district is divided into 8 talukas: Wardha, Selu, Deoli, Hinganghat, Samudrapur, Arvi, Ashti, and Karanja. Among these taluka places 6 are Nagar Parishad area.
History
Wardha district has long historic value. The Prayer of Sewagram, march of Paunar and the Ashti?s Revolutionary freedom is nothing but the soul of Wardha district. As compare to other districts in Maharashtra State, though Wardha District is smaller in area but greater with its fame.
Geography
Geographically Wardha district naturally divides itself into two parts, the North being hilly form an inlying spur of the Satpura range, while to the south lies an undulating plain intersected by streams.
Northern side area have average height of 450 m with high slope. Southern side area have average height of 250 m with normal slope.
Maximum part of Wardha district occupies by the Wardha river and her tributaries. Almost all rivers from district originates from different hills and part of Satpura hill ranges. Except some portions of Wardha and Vena river, other rivers are seasonal.
Main River : Wardha
Tributaries : Vena, Yashoda, Bakli, Jam, Kar, Pothara, lai, Nand, Bor and Dham.
Height of left bank of Wardha and Vena river is more than the height of right bank, because of that flood water is common at left side.
Drainage pattern of Wardha, Selu, Deoli, Hinganghat, Samudrapur talukas have dendritic pattern while at Southern portion in Ashti, Karanja, Arvi taluka have parallel or sub-parallel dendritic pattern. This is mainly due to joints and fractures present in the Basalt. Because of that maximum rivers in the Northen portion flow in NS direction parallel to main river.
Irrigation project
In the Wardha district have one major irrigation project (Bor Dam), three medium irrigation projects ( Panchdhara , Dongargaon and Pothara) and 91 small irrigation projects , 8 lift irrigation projects, 166 Kolhapuri Bandhara .
Geology
Wardha district is mainly comprised of basalt. Recent to subrecent alluvium planes deposited by Wardha River and her tributaries. Geological succession of the area is as follows:
Time | Geological Formation | Rock Type |
Sub-recent to recent | Alluvium | Sand, Silt, Clay, Limestone, |
Upper Cretaceous | Deccan Trap | Vesicular Basalt, |
Lower Eocene |
| Massive Fractured Basalt, Intertrappean beds with red and green bole, chert and limestone |
Hydrogeology
Deccan basalt have almost no primary porosity and permeability. Percolation of water and subsurface movement of water is mainly depend upon presence of joints, fracture and its width and depth. In alluvium portion, hydrological conditions are good, where major portion is made up of sand.
Water level below the ground level is different at different places. Availability of water in hard and massive basalt is less as compare to vesicular, jointed and fractured basalt. Average water level in massive trap is 6 to 12 m while 10 to 15 m in the vesicular / fractured trap.
In a good hydrological condition, a well can yield almost 200 k Lit water per day.
Major project run by the Senior Geologist’s office, Groundwater Survey And Development Agency, Wardha
Shivakalin Pani Sathwan Yojana:-
Source strengthening of drinking water well is main aim of this project. This project is run as per villager’s demand need. The projects taken are Roof Top Rainwater Harvesting, Village Tank, Cement Plug, BBT, Hydrofracturing. In Wardha district, 1201 projects were implemented in 104 villages. For this project, 539.07 Rs Lakh fund has been received, from which 538.30 Rs Lakhs was spend.
NRDWP (Sustainability)
National Rural Drinking Water Program was centrally funded program. The main objctive of this program is to strengthen the drinking water sources by taking various conventional and unconventional in the vicinity of drinking water sources.
In Wardha district from 2011to 2019total445 measures were implemented in 103 villages. The total fund of 580.35lakhs has been received out of which 580.35 lakhs were spent. Various measures completed under this project include Cement Nalla Bandh, Underground Bandhara, Recharge Trench, Recharge Shaft, etc.
Jalyukt Shiwar Yojana
As per GR JSA-2014/203/Jal-7 Dated 05/12/2014. The main objective of this scheme is to uplift the water level of village area. In Wardha, GSDA implemented 48 measures in 10 villages having cost of 122.49 lakhs. Various measures completed under this project include Cement Nalla Bandh, Underground Bandhara, Recharge Trench, Recharge Shaft, etc.
Jal Jeevan Mission (Source Strengthening)
Jal Jeevan Mission was implemented in Maharashtra vide GR No: JJM 2019/138/pa.pu-10(07) dated 04/09/2020.The main objective of this mission is to provide drinking water at every residence, under the caption ‘Har Ghar Jal’.
Under this project GSDA implemented the source strengthening schemes n the vicinity of drinking water sources(PWS wells) . In Wardha district this scheme is implemented in year 2022-23 and 2023-24. During these two years, 1564 schemes in 102 villages were completed with total cost of 537.67 lakhs. The direct injection unconventional recharge measures like Recharge Shaft and Recharge Trench were constructed in this scheme.
Jalyukt Shiwar Yojana 2.0
As per GR JYA-2022/302/Jal-7 Dated03/09/2023. The main objective of this scheme is to uplift the water level of village area. In Wardha, GSDA implemented 646 measures in 35 villages having cost of 76.21 lakhs. Various measures completed under this project include Cement Nalla Bandh, Underground Bandhara, Recharge Trench, Recharge Shaft, etc.